While one person may be manifesting their nature as "a tare" (unbelieving, walking in darkness and disobedience, etc) and the other as "wheat" (believing and walking in the light of gospel and in the faith of Jesus Christ) that same person who is now being manifest as a "son of God" (wheat) was once walking in darkness/disobedience, having plenty of "hay, wood, and stubble" that needed to be burned up in order for the "wheat" to shine forth in the kingdom of God.
Condensed and simplified! 
The law worketh wrath and leaves one with a perpetual shame, worm that never dies. Grace burns the stubble and leaves one with reward.
For me, the LOF/second death is not the burning via grace through faith (fiery trial of one's faith)
but the wrath that reserved for the ungodly, who held the Truth in unrighteousness (via law).
Rom 1:18 For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who
hold the truth in unrighteousness;
do you all see the wrath of God as the same thing as grace via faith??
Heb 10:26 For if we sin willfully after that we have received the knowledge of the truth,
there remaineth no more sacrifice for sins, Heb 10:27
But a certain fearful looking for of judgment and
fiery indignation, which shall
devour the adversaries. Heb 10:28 He that despised Moses' law died without mercy under two or three witnesses:
Heb 10:29 Of how much sorer punishment, suppose ye, shall he be thought worthy, who hath trodden under foot the Son of God, and hath counted the blood of the covenant, wherewith he was sanctified, an unholy thing, and
hath done despite unto the Spirit of grace? Heb 10:30 For we know him that hath said, Vengeance belongeth unto me, I will recompense, saith the Lord. And again, The Lord shall judge his people.
Heb 10:31 It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God.
Heb 10:35 Cast not away therefore your confidence, which hath great recompense of reward.
Heb 10:36 For ye have need of patience, that, after ye have done the will of God, ye might receive the promise.
Heb 10:37 For yet, a little while, and he that shall come will come, and will not tarry.
Heb 10:38 Now the just shall live by faith: but if any man draw back, my soul shall have no pleasure in him.
Heb 10:39 But we are not of them who draw back unto perdition; but of them that believe to the saving of the soul.
Heb 12:18 For ye are
not come unto the mount that might be touched, and that burned with fire, nor unto blackness, and darkness, and tempest,
Heb 12:19 And the sound of a trumpet, and the voice of words; which voice they that heard entreated that the word should not be spoken to them any more:
Heb 12:20 (For they could not endure that which was commanded, And if so much as a beast touch the mountain, it shall be stoned, or thrust through with a dart:
Heb 12:21 And so terrible was the sight, that Moses said, I exceedingly fear and quake:)
Heb 12:22
But ye
are come unto mount Zion, and unto the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to an innumerable company of angels,
Heb 12:23 To the general assembly and church of the firstborn, which are written in heaven, and to God the Judge of all, and to the spirits of just men made perfect,
Heb 12:24 And to Jesus the mediator of the new covenant, and to the blood of sprinkling, that speaketh better things than that of Abel.
Heb 12:25 See that
ye refuse not him that speaketh. For if they escaped not who refused him that spake on earth, much more shall not we escape, if we turn away from him that speaketh from heaven:
Heb 12:26 Whose voice then shook the earth: but now he hath promised, saying, Yet once more I shake not the earth only, but also heaven.
Heb 12:27 And this word, Yet once more, signifieth the removing of those things that are shaken, as of things that are made, that those things which cannot be shaken may remain.
Heb 12:28 Wherefore we receiving a kingdom which cannot be moved,
let us have grace, whereby we may serve God acceptably with reverence and godly fear:
Heb 12:29 For our God is a consuming fire.
i'll bow out now, as i've been down this discussion before; and I definitely see both sides; but I believe the "literal" events in history show us the sequence:
Noah did not drown in the "rain", but did have his faith tried (fiery trial) prior to the rains/fire/second death (imo)
David did not count himself as one of the "wicked" who would have fire and brimstone rain upon him.
Psa 11:5 The LORD
trieth the righteous (fiery trial of their faith by grace):
but the wicked and him that loveth violence his soul hateth.
Psa 11:6
Upon the wicked he shall
rain snares,
fire and brimstone, and a
horrible tempest: this shall be the portion of their cup.
Psa 11:7 For the righteous LORD loveth righteousness;
his countenance doth behold the upright. The destruction of Jerusalem/temple (fire/wrath from God) was not on the apostles and believers who lived and were faithful to the end; but on those who refused the TRUTH (those who refused to move beyond old covenant mindset, and who died in their sins).
imo, believers go through the fire, but don't die in the fire, as "they never die (imo, second death). The second death is not for them, and imo; is not because they already went through the "second death" earlier for it is not their "lot" (see Psalm scrip above).
Rom 2:7 To them who by patient continuance in well doing seek for glory and
honor and immortality, eternal life: Rom 2:8
But unto them that are contentious, and do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness,
indignation and wrath,
Believe on him and never die.
jmo from what I see in scripture;
blessings